Soluble in almost
organic solvents. Slightly soluble in methanol.
AUTOIGNITION
NFPA RATINGS
FLASH
POINT
STABILITY
Stable under normal temperatures and conditions
GENERAL
DESCRIPTION & EXTERNAL LINKS
Antioxidant is a substance added in small quantities to hydrocarbons which are
susceptible to oxidation, such as rubbers, plastics, foods, and oils to inhibit
or slow oxidative processes, while being itself oxidized. Antioxidants work in
two different ways. In primary antioxidants (also called free-radical
scavengers), antioxidative activity is implemented by the donation of an
electron or hydrogen atom to a radical derivative. These antioxidants are
usually hindered amines (p-Phenylene diamine, trimethyl dihydroquinolines,
alkylated diphenyl amines) or substituted phenolic compounds with one or more
bulky functional groups such as a tertiary butyl at 2,6 position commonly.
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is a common example of hindered phenolic
antioxidant. The reaction rate, or carbocation stability, in SN1 mechanism is 3° > 2° > 1° > CH3
(no SN1) so, tertiary alkyl moiety exists in lots of phenolic antioxidant
compounds. Primary antioxidants are free radical scavengers which combine with
peroxy radicals and break autocatalytic cycle. In secondary antioxidants ( also
called peroxide decomposers), activity is implemented by the removal of an
oxidative catalyst and the consequent prevention of the initiation of oxidation.
Examples of peroxide decomposer type of antioxidant are trivalent phosphorous
and divalent sulfurcontaining compound such as sulfides, thiodipropionates and
organophosphites. Synergistic effect is expected when primary antioxidants are
used together with secondary antioxidants as primary antioxidants are not very
effective against the degradation by UV oxidation. Sometimes, chelating agents
are added to scavenge metal impurities which can initiate decomposition.
Tetrakis(3-(3',5'-di-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)
pentaerythritol
is a hindered phenolic antioxidant with
a wide range of application against themo-oxidative
degradation for polymers, synthetic fibers,
elastomers, adhesives and waxes without discoloring.
http://www.thefreelibrary.com/ .....CIBA SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
Irganox high-molecular-weight hindered phenolics provide long-term
oxidative and thermal stability. Irganox 1010 and 1076 have good compatibility
with polyolefins and styrenics and are FDA-regulated. Irganox MD-1024 is a metal
deactivator and all-purpose antioxidant. Irganox 1035, 1010 and MD-1024 are for
wire and cable. Irganox B-225 and B-215 low-volatility, heat- and
hydrolysis-resistant additive blends reportedly offer excellent processing and
long-term stability in polyolefins. New FS systems provide polyethylene
fibers and thin-section materials with reportedly exceptional resistance to gas
fade, excellent initial color, and a combination of long-term thermal and uv
stability, in a phenolic-free stabilizer package. FS 812, a new combination of
hindered amine stabilizer, uv absorber and hydroxyl amino processing stabilizer,
offers gloss and color retention for molded-in color applications.
Irganox HP products are synergistic combinations of phenolic
antioxidants, phosphites, and a new lactone processing stabilizer.
The combination results in improved melt flow control, allows for higher
temperature processing, and can result in improved overall processing, heat, and
long-term stability of the polymer. New Irganox XP processing
stabilizers are combinations of the new lactone processing stabilizer,
high-performance phosphites and phenolic antioxidant. Irganox XP combines
superior compatibility and solubility with outstanding processing stability and
color control. Irganox E, a vitamin E antioxidant for use in food and
medical packaging offers superior melt flow and color control, low migration,
and superior extraction resistance......
http://www.songwonind.com/ Polymer Stabilizers protect polymers from
oxidative damage. They prevent discoloration and cross linking of polymers
during progressing and ensure long term properties of the finished
articles. Phenolic Antioxidant(SONGNOX®) is a highly effective, non-discoloring
stabilizer for organic substrates which are prone to oxidation, e.g. plastics,
synthetic fibers, elastomers, waxes, oils and fats. Aminic
Antioxidant maintain physical and surface properties with good color,
excellent anti-scorch, good heat resistance. Phosphite
Antioxidant(SONGNOX®) is used to
protect organic polymers which are prone to oxidation, especially during
progressing and color stabilizer.
Thioester
Antioxidant(SONGNOX®) decomposes and
neutralizes hydroperoxides formed by auto-oxidation of polymers.
Hindered Aminic Light Stabilizer(SONGLIGHT®) protect polymers from degradation due
to uv radiation and long term heat aging. UV
Absorber(SONGSORB®) absorbs
ultraviolet radiation and through a reversible chemical rearrangement,
dissipates the energy as heat.